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Paradoxes of Nostalgia

Cold War Triumphalism and Global Disorder since 1989

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American Encounters/Global Interactions

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Book

Pages: 400

Illustrations: 37 illustrations

Published: July 2022

In Paradoxes of Nostalgia Penny M. Von Eschen offers a sweeping examination of the cold war’s afterlife and the lingering shadows it casts over geopolitics, journalism, and popular culture. She shows how myriad forms of nostalgia across the globe—from those that posit a mythic national past to those critical of neoliberalism that remember a time when people believed in the possibility of a collective good—indelibly shape the post-cold war era. When Western triumphalism moved into the global South and former Eastern bloc spaces, many articulated a powerful sense of loss and a longing for stability. Innovatively bringing together diplomatic archives, museums, films, and video games, Von Eschen shows that as the United States continuously sought new enemies for its unipolar world, cold war triumphalism fueled the ascendancy of xenophobic right-wing nationalism and the embrace of authoritarian sensibilities in the United States and beyond. Ultimately, she demonstrates that triumphalist claims that capitalism and military might won the cold war distort the past and disfigure the present, undermining democratic values and institutions.

Praise

“In this analytically rigorous and impressively researched book Penny M. Von Eschen offers a profoundly original argument that the collapse of the Soviet Union reentrenched American elite faith in the necessity and goodness of US unipolar dominance of the world. By centering the rise and fall of the American unipolar project, Von Eschen presents a stunning synthetic history of the last thirty years that any scholar of the post--cold war period will have to confront. Paradoxes of Nostalgia is a magisterial accomplishment.” - Aziz Rana, author of The Two Faces of American Freedom

“Penny M. Von Eschen offers a bold, new, and sweeping analysis of the end of the cold war and its aftermath. Pressing beyond the usual containers for cold war history, Von Eschen seamlessly interweaves stories of glasnost, perestroika, and structural adjustment with those of ascendant pro-gun, family-values, Christian right politics and the rise of mass incarceration, inequality, and climate change. Her pathbreaking book helps us to make sense of the tumultuous present.” - Megan Black, author of The Global Interior: Mineral Frontiers and American Power

"This intriguing study is about opportunities missed and wrong paths taken in the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union. . . . [A]n interesting, important book. For lovers of history and current events." (Starred Review) - David Keymer, Library Journal

"Paradoxes of Nostalgia powerfully illustrates how Cold War triumphalism foreclosed many possible futures in the post–Cold War world. In so doing, it is a book that will shape the contours of the historiography of this period, which is only now beginning to emerge." - Fritz Bartel, American Historical Review

"This is a complex, wide-ranging analysis of the relationship between nostalgia for the stability, economic security, and consensus of the Cold War and the triumphalism that led to a post-1989 rise in inequality, conflict, and authoritarianism in the US and abroad. . . . An excellent addition to university Cold War collections. Highly recommended. Graduate students and faculty." - Choice

". . . the methodological dexterity and the multiplicity of sources makes for a fascinating study of U.S. foreign policy set in a deep reading of its culture. Paradoxes of Nostalgia delivers a hard-hitting and important message which cuts to the centre of intellectual and cultural production." - David Ryan, Diplomatic History

Paradoxes of Nostalgia reads as a guidebook for our present political conjuncture. In a rich, deeply researched book, Von Eschen develops a smart analysis of U.S. nostalgia for the Cold War.” - Alex Lubin, Society for U.S. Intellectual History

"A heroic endeavor to tackle an existential historical problem in its full global dimensionality." - Barbara Walker, Slavic Review

"Von Eschen’s insights are provocative and resonant. . . . Paradoxes of Nostalgia rightly reminds readers that the Cold War era was neither peaceful nor predictable for millions of people. . . ." - Susan L. Carruthers, Journal of American History

"More than the sum of its parts, von Eschen’s book is a masterly synthesis of various strands that provides a convincing depiction of the United States’ shaping of the post-Cold War world." - David Neumann, World History Connected

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Author/Editor Bios

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Penny M. Von Eschen is William R. Kenan Jr. Professor of American Studies and Professor of History at the University of Virginia and author of Satchmo Blows Up the World: Jazz Ambassadors Play the Cold War and Race against Empire: Black Americans and Anticolonialism, 1937–1957.

Table Of Contents

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Acknowledgments  ix
Introduction  1
1. The Ends of History  21
2. Out of Order: Discordant Triumphalism and the “Clash of Civilizations”  56
3. Losing the Good Life: Post-Cold War Malaise and the Enemy Within  92
4. “God I Miss the Cold War”: Busted Containers and Popular Nostalgia, 1993–1999  131
5. Consuming Nostalgia: Lampooning Lenin, Marketing Mao, and the Global Turn to the Right  174
6. Patriot Acts: Staging the War on Terror from Spy Museum to Bishkek  218
7. Spies R Us: Paradoxes of US-Russian Relations  259
Epilogue. Nostalgia for the Future  298
Notes  309
Works Cited  353
Index  365

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