Theory from the Trenches

Decolonization has become a buzzword claimed by liberals and fascists, nonprofits and for-profits alike, and stripped of its liberatory force. In Theory from the Trenches, Shozab Raza recovers a radical vision of decolonization: one driven not by political or intellectual elites but by ordinary, subaltern actors, a vision at once global and local, dedicated as much to dismantling imperialist political economies as it is to transforming the terms of theory itself. Raza offers a striking example of this “trench theory” in his ethnographic study of Marxism in post-independence Pakistan. Drawing on oral histories, archival materials, and fieldwork among surviving organizers, he recounts how Pakistani peasants joined the communist Mazdoor Kisan Party (MKP) in the 1970s and began reading and remaking Marxist theory for their own contexts. Inspired by Maoism, Sufi Islam, Baloch tribal ethics, and more, MKP cadres developed a theory and practice primed for political combat. By examining how peasants became theorists for a global communist movement, Raza buries assumptions about peasant parochialism, upends a long-presumed divide between fieldwork and theory work, and plots the horizons of a revolutionary decolonization.